Free Essays on Afghanistan

Afghanistan is located in Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, and east of Iran. It’s major religions are Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, and other 1%. Afghanistan is a weird place and although the Taliban rules most of it there is no functioning central government, it is administered by factions. They don’t have a constitution or a legal system there either. But that is small compared to its other problems. Afghanistan has always been a very poor country; in fact the third-poorest country in the world. Needless to say the 20 years of war Afghanistan has faced didn’t help that problem. They are so poor that Afghanistan’s per capita income is one of the lowest in the world. Its infant mortality rate, 200 deaths per 1,000 infants, is among the world’s highest. It also has the lowest literacy rate and life expectancy, and one of the lowest levels of per capita food availability in the world. In May 2001, the World Food Program warned that more than 1 million Afghans were facing famine conditions. Then in September it reported that people were surviving by eating grass and locusts. Aid used to be stronger in Afghanistan but after the September 11 terrorist attacks, all the international aid workers left, which leaves only a few local UN workers to help. Afghans have been fleeing from their country for years. At the end of last year, 3.6 million Afghans were living as refugees in other countries. Most were in Pakistan and Iran. Pakistan held 2 million while Iran held 1.48 million. There were also 38,000 living in other countries in the region. According to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 172,000 Afghans fled to Pakistan during the year, and 28,790 sought asylum in Europe. It’s very hard to give an accurate amount of Afghans internally displaced because of conflict, but the U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) believed the figure to be 375,000. Another 140,000 Afghans were internally displaced ... Free Essays on Afghanistan Free Essays on Afghanistan Afghanistan is located in Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, and east of Iran. It’s major religions are Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, and other 1%. Afghanistan is a weird place and although the Taliban rules most of it there is no functioning central government, it is administered by factions. They don’t have a constitution or a legal system there either. But that is small compared to its other problems. Afghanistan has always been a very poor country; in fact the third-poorest country in the world. Needless to say the 20 years of war Afghanistan has faced didn’t help that problem. They are so poor that Afghanistan’s per capita income is one of the lowest in the world. Its infant mortality rate, 200 deaths per 1,000 infants, is among the world’s highest. It also has the lowest literacy rate and life expectancy, and one of the lowest levels of per capita food availability in the world. In May 2001, the World Food Program warned that more than 1 million Afghans were facing famine conditions. Then in September it reported that people were surviving by eating grass and locusts. Aid used to be stronger in Afghanistan but after the September 11 terrorist attacks, all the international aid workers left, which leaves only a few local UN workers to help. Afghans have been fleeing from their country for years. At the end of last year, 3.6 million Afghans were living as refugees in other countries. Most were in Pakistan and Iran. Pakistan held 2 million while Iran held 1.48 million. There were also 38,000 living in other countries in the region. According to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 172,000 Afghans fled to Pakistan during the year, and 28,790 sought asylum in Europe. It’s very hard to give an accurate amount of Afghans internally displaced because of conflict, but the U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) believed the figure to be 375,000. Another 140,000 Afghans were internally displaced ...

Wave-Particle Duality Definition

Wave-Particle Duality Definition Wave-particle duality describes the properties of photons and subatomic particles to exhibit properties of both waves and particles. Wave-particle duality is an important part of quantum mechanics  as it offers a way to explain why concepts of wave and particle, which work in classical mechanics, dont cover the behavior of quantum objects. The dual nature of light gained acceptance after 1905, when Albert Einstein described light in terms of photons, which exhibited properties of particles, and then presented his famous paper on special relativity, in which light acted as a field of waves. Particles That Exhibit Wave-Particle Duality Wave-particle duality has been demonstrated for photons (light), elementary particles, atoms, and molecules. However, the wave properties of larger particles, such as molecules, have extremely short wavelengths and are difficult to detect and measure. Classical mechanics is generally sufficient for describing the behavior of macroscopic entities. Evidence for Wave-Particle Duality Numerous experiments have validated wave-particle duality, but there are a few specific early experiments that ended the debate about whether light consists of either waves or particles: Photoelectric Effect - Light Behaves as Particles The photoelectric effect is the phenomenon where metals emit electrons when exposed to light. The behavior of the photoelectrons could not be explained by classical electromagnetic theory. Heinrich Hertz noted that shining ultraviolet light on electrodes enhanced their ability to make electric sparks (1887). Einstein (1905) explained the photoelectric effect as resulting from light carried in discrete quantized packets. Robert Millikans experiment (1921) confirmed Einsteins description and led to Einstein winning the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect and Millikan winning the Nobel Prize in 1923 for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect. Davisson-Germer Experiment - Light Behaves as Waves The Davisson-Germer experiment confirmed the deBroglie hypothesis and served as a foundation for the formulation of quantum mechanics. The experiment essentially applied the Bragg law of diffraction to particles. The experimental vacuum apparatus measured the electron energies scattered from the surface of a heated wire filament and allowed to strike a nickel metal surface. The electron beam could be rotated to measure the effect of changing the angle on the scattered electrons. The researchers found that the intensity of the scattered beam peaked at certain angles. This indicated wave behavior and could be explained by applying the Bragg law to the nickel crystal lattice spacing. Thomas Youngs Double-Slit Experiment Youngs double slit experiment can be explained using wave-particle duality. Emitted light moves away from its source as an electromagnetic wave. Upon encountering a slit, the wave passes through the slit and divides into two wavefronts, which overlap. At the moment of impact onto the screen, the wave field collapses into a single point and becomes a photon.

Sports Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sports Management - Essay Example To achieve this, the plan must therefore analyze both micro and macro-economic factors that affect the industry and are therefore likely to influence the profitability of the new company (Elizabeth & Michelle, 2008). Among the factors analyzed in the summary below, include economic, social, legal, economic and technical factors that affect the industry and the institution of a new company in the country. In analyzing the factors, the summary below answers particular questions that help depict the relevance of the new company in the industry. Among the questions are problems the new company will solve, the company’s customers and the size of the market. By answering such questions, the plan below proves to the potential investors that the new company just as any other business will make profits thereby safeguarding their interests. Stamford Bridge Academy will be a football coaching company based in London. The company will train professional coaches and hire them out to local football clubs and schools within the city. As stated earlier, football is the most famous game in the city of London. The city has two main football teams playing in the national league, which have raised the popularity of the sport. Besides Arsenal and Chelsea, which are major contenders in the English premier league, the city has several other teams playing in various local and national leagues. Besides the hundreds of the smaller teams in different leagues, secondary and primary schools also have football teams and participate in different sporting activities within the country. The demand for professional coaches is therefore high in the city a feature that will earn the new company a potential local market before expanding to other regions within the country. The schools appointed a talented teacher to coach the teams in the past; however, the increasing competitiveness of the sport in the region has